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What is CAM?
Complimentary and Alternative Medicine. And it now has departments at NIH, Mayo Clinic, Duke University, UCLA, and many other authorities. It is often included in Integrative Medicine, which is a growing trend for allopathic physicians to combine their treatments with CAM, and include CAM providers in treatment plans.
Prior to the 1990s, allopathic (also called traditional, or biomedical, medicine) physicians and scientists used terms such as nontraditional, unconventional, and unorthodox to describe non-biomedical (non-allopathic) modalities. These terms reflected their judgment about the validity and appropriateness of the modalities. In contrast, those who used the modalities described them by using terms such as holistic, alternative, and complementary (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007). The choice of terms used often confused consumers and reflected the bias of conventional providers.
Holistic was used to indicate a therapy that addresses the whole person (body, mind, and spirit) (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
Alternative implied a mutual exclusivity between the CAM therapies and modalities and the more traditional (biomedical) practice of medicine (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
Complementary described the utilization of the CAM therapies and modalities as an adjunct (but not a replacement) for traditional medicine (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
In 1991, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) began to investigate CAM therapies to determine the evidence supporting their use. In 1998, the Office of Alternative Medicine, first established in 1992, became the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). The research generated from NCCAM raised awareness in the medical community about how these therapies could be used alongside biomedicine. The term integrative medicine came to mean the combined use of CAM and biomedical therapies. It also infers a larger meaning and mission of care because it calls for medicine to refocus on health and healing as well as on the vital importance of the patient-physician relationship (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007). There are ongoing discussions at multiple levels about whether NCCAM should change its name to the National Center for Research on Complementary and Integrative Health (NCRCIH) due to the evolving emphasis on research and the integration of therapies into mainstream health care (NCCAM, 2014b).
Because of the extensive interest in Complimentary and Alternative Medicine, health care providers and members of the scientific and academic community have sought to incorporate integrative health modalities into their practice, research, and teaching settings. Insurance companies and federal and state agencies are also beginning to address the issues related to CAM and integrative practices from the standpoint of public health and health care regulation (Cohen, 2005; Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
The dimensions of the CAM movement are impressive. Consider the following statistics (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007; Samueli Institute, 2011; U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2013):
By 1990, Americans made more visits to CAM practitioners than to primary care physicians.
As of 2007, approximately 30–50% of American adults and approximately 10-15% of American children have used CAM therapies at some point in their lives. When vitamin therapy and prayer specifically for health reasons are included, the number of adults using CAM rises to over 60 percent.
People of all backgrounds use CAM therapies. However, CAM use among adults is greater among women than men, and greater among those with higher levels of education and higher incomes than those with lower education and income levels.
Non-vitamin, non-mineral natural products (as well as probiotics, herbs, and botanicals) are the most commonly used CAM therapies among adults.
Thank you Lisa Baker
What is CAM?
Complimentary and Alternative Medicine. And it now has departments at NIH, Mayo Clinic, Duke University, UCLA, and many other authorities. It is often included in Integrative Medicine, which is a growing trend for allopathic physicians to combine their treatments with CAM, and include CAM providers in treatment plans.
Prior to the 1990s, allopathic (also called traditional, or biomedical, medicine) physicians and scientists used terms such as nontraditional, unconventional, and unorthodox to describe non-biomedical (non-allopathic) modalities. These terms reflected their judgment about the validity and appropriateness of the modalities. In contrast, those who used the modalities described them by using terms such as holistic, alternative, and complementary (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007). The choice of terms used often confused consumers and reflected the bias of conventional providers.
Alternative implied a mutual exclusivity between the CAM therapies and modalities and the more traditional (biomedical) practice of medicine (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
Complementary described the utilization of the CAM therapies and modalities as an adjunct (but not a replacement) for traditional medicine (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
In 1991, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) began to investigate CAM therapies to determine the evidence supporting their use. In 1998, the Office of Alternative Medicine, first established in 1992, became the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM). The research generated from NCCAM raised awareness in the medical community about how these therapies could be used alongside biomedicine. The term integrative medicine came to mean the combined use of CAM and biomedical therapies. It also infers a larger meaning and mission of care because it calls for medicine to refocus on health and healing as well as on the vital importance of the patient-physician relationship (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007). There are ongoing discussions at multiple levels about whether NCCAM should change its name to the National Center for Research on Complementary and Integrative Health (NCRCIH) due to the evolving emphasis on research and the integration of therapies into mainstream health care (NCCAM, 2014b).
Because of the extensive interest in Complimentary and Alternative Medicine, health care providers and members of the scientific and academic community have sought to incorporate integrative health modalities into their practice, research, and teaching settings. Insurance companies and federal and state agencies are also beginning to address the issues related to CAM and integrative practices from the standpoint of public health and health care regulation (Cohen, 2005; Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007).
The dimensions of the CAM movement are impressive. Consider the following statistics (Cohen, Ruggie, & Micozzi, 2007; Samueli Institute, 2011; U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2013):
As of 2007, approximately 30–50% of American adults and approximately 10-15% of American children have used CAM therapies at some point in their lives. When vitamin therapy and prayer specifically for health reasons are included, the number of adults using CAM rises to over 60 percent.
People of all backgrounds use CAM therapies. However, CAM use among adults is greater among women than men, and greater among those with higher levels of education and higher incomes than those with lower education and income levels.
Non-vitamin, non-mineral natural products (as well as probiotics, herbs, and botanicals) are the most commonly used CAM therapies among adults.
Thank you Lisa Baker
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